What is an Anal Fissure?

• • Definition: An anal fissure is a cut or tear occurring in the anus that extends upwards into the anal canal.
• • Commonality: Responsible for 6% to 15% of visits to colorectal surgeons.
• • Affected Groups: Men, women, young, and old equally.
• • Symptoms: Severe pain during bowel movements and the most common cause of rectal bleeding in infants.

What Causes Anal Fissures?

• • Primary Cause: Trauma to the anus and anal canal.
• • Common Triggers: Hard stools, repeated episodes of diarrhea, insertion of medical instruments, and childbirth.
• • Associated Non-Traumatic Diseases: Should be suspected if fissures occur in unusual locations.

What Are the Symptoms of Anal Fissures?

• • Pain: During and following bowel movements.
• • Other Symptoms: Bleeding, Itching, Malodorous discharge

How Are Anal Fissures Diagnosed?

• • Diagnosis Method: Visual inspection of the anus and anal canal.

What Are the Conservative Treatments for Anal Fissures?

Home Remedies and OTC Products:

• • Adding bulk to the stool
• • Softening the stool
• • Consuming a high-fiber diet
• • Utilizing sitz baths

What Prescription Drugs are Used for Anal Fissures?

• • Ointments : Containing anesthetics or steroids.
• • Medications : Nitroglycerin and calcium channel blocking drugs (CCBs).

What is the Surgical Treatment for Anal Fissures?

• • Surgery Type : Lateral sphincterotomy.
• • Indications : Reserved for patients who are intolerant of non-surgical treatments or in whom non-surgical treatments have proven ineffective.
• • Complications : Surgery is considered the gold standard but carries risks of complications.

How Effective is Conservative Treatment for Anal Fissures?

• • Effectiveness : Many anal fissures heal with conservative treatments.
• • Indications for Surgery : Surgery is only considered when conservative methods fail.

What are the Latest Treatments for Anal Fissures?

• • Advancements : Development of effective creams and medications.
• • Laser Therapy : Laser therapy is an emerging and minimally invasive treatment option for anal fissures. It offers precise targeting of the fissure, reduces pain, and promotes quicker healing with fewer complications compared to traditional surgery.

What is Laser Therapy for Anal Fissures?

• • Laser Therapy : Laser therapy involves using a focused beam of light to treat the fissure.
• • Benefits : This minimally invasive method results in less pain, quicker recovery, and reduced risk of complications. It precisely targets the affected area, promoting faster healing and reducing inflammation.
• • Procedure : Typically performed on an outpatient basis with minimal discomfort.

Why Should I See a Doctor for Anal Fissures?

• • Specialist Consultation : For persistent or severe symptoms, seeing a specialist is essential.
• • Treatment Options : A Anorectal Surgeon can recommend the most appropriate treatment based on the severity and location of the fissure.

By addressing these questions and utilizing the latest treatments, including laser therapy, patients can achieve effective management of anal fissures with minimal complications.